Site Evaluation

  • Fill in notes from The Natural House

master plan

  • KQ to make a permaculture plan

minimize ecological damage

  • Try to avoid making new roads
  • Build where people have built before, if possible (least intrusive)
  • If there's no vehicle access:
    • how will you get materials to the site?
    • how will you get groceries, laundry, etc. to the house in the rain/snow?
    • emergencies? fire trucks?
    • close to vehicle access is best!

soil/drainage

  • Dig test pits in extreme locations (hilltop, valley bottom, disturbed areas)
    • what's beneath the surface? bedrock, clay, toxic waste, or well drained garden soil?
    • ideal for building: well-drained top soil with rock 18" deep
    • ideal for garden: permanent saturation 24" below silty soil
  • DO NOT build in a flood plain
    • Check local records for floods, don't get caught in 1000 year flood.
  • If the site has poorly drained soil, build on a slope to create artificial drainage around the building
  • Build on the most solid subsoil you can find

microclimate

  • Trees/vegetation keep a site cooler and moister
  • In hot summers, look for afternoon shading via trees on the west/southwest
    • Deciduous trees are best, since they'll shade only in summer
  • Harvest trees to the south to save the larger environment by using less energy for heating (in all but hottest climates, you want south open)

views

  • Try to have one far horizon view

slopes

  • Slopes allow good views, aid drainage, water drainage.
  • Naturally provides levels to the house
  • Also better to take up the slope with your site and leave flat ground for agriculture
  • Use wastewater downhill
  • Avoid west slopes in all climates
  • Avoid north slopes unless the climate is very hot

testing

  • Try to visit the site at various times in the year: storms, hot July afternoons, etc.
  • Are there undesirable lights shining into your would-be bedroom at night?
  • Are there paper factory smells at certain times of year?
  • Does your lake view still exist when deciduous trees fill in in the summer?
  • Are the bugs untenable at certain times of years?

avoid

  • Steep north slopes
  • Flood plains
  • Incompatible neighbors
  • Sensitive ecologies
  • No solar

Patterns

  • 104. Site Repair
    • build on the worst parts of the site, leave the most beautiful intact
    • minimize felled trees
    • keep south facing open
    • review 169, 172
  • 105. South facing outdoors
    • place buildings to the north of their outdoor spaces
    • avoid shade between building and sunny space
    • review 111, 128, 161, 162
  • 106. Positive Outdoor Space
    • make all outdoor spaces positive
    • that means partially enclosed to form a convex shape
    • review 173 (garden wall), 174 (trellised walk), 114 (hierarchy of open space), building edge (160)
  • 107. Wings of Light
    • arrange building into "wings", not wider than 25', for ample light
    • arrange the wings to make positive outdoor spaces (106)
    • review 76,77 (houses for few people)
    • review 116 (cascade of roofs), 119 (arcades), 132 (short passages)
  • 109. Long Thin House
    • don't cluster all the rooms around each other
    • string the rooms out one after another, horizontally or vertically
    • this shape gives more privacy
    • also lends itself to creating positive outdoor space (106)
    • balance this increased privacy with pattern 129
    • review 127 (intimacy gradient), 116 (roof cascade), 129 (common areas at the heart)
  • 110. Main entrance
    • Ensure the main entrance is visible when approaching the building (placement and visible shape)
  • 113. Car connection
    • When choosing a parking place, make sure that the shortest path into the house (kitchen, living rooms) is through the main entrance.
    • Use a room / carport for the parking space
  • 114. Hierarchy of open spaces
    • Orient outdoor spaces with a "back" looking out onto a larger view.
      • e.g. garden seat looking at garden
  • 115. Courtyards which live
    • Make the courtyard an ambiguous realm between inside and outside
      • Entrance into courtyard should have a roofed veranda or porch.
    • Building should have 2-3 entrances into the courtyard, such that the shortest path is through the courtyard
    • Courtyards should have views into larger spaces
  • 127. Intimacy gradient
    • Arrange spaces into a sequence with the most public parts near the entrance, leading gradually to the most private parts.
    • Place sitting areas at each degree of intimacy
      • See 142 (seq of sitting spaces)
  • 128. Indoor sunlight
    • Long side of building along east-west axis
    • Length of building:
      • Cool temps: more square
      • Temperate: rectangular
      • Hot and humid temps: even longer rectangular
    • Full south: common area, kitchen (counter in the sun), living room
    • Southeast: bedrooms, maybe breakfast nook
    • Southwest: porch for evening
    • Review sunny place (161), outdoor room (163), north face (162), sunny counter (199)